Interchange
This system whereby facilities are provided for movement of
traffic between two or more roadways at different levels in the grade
separation.
A structure without interchange is an over-bridge or
underpass flyover, whereby the traffic at different levels moves separately
without a provision for an interchange between them
The interchanges can be classified as three-leg, four-leg
and multi-leg, and these can be subdivided into various types as below:
A. Three –leg interchange
1. T-interchange
2. Y-interchange
3. Rotary interchange
B. Four-leg interchange
1. Diamond interchange
2. Half clover leaf interchange
3. Clover leaf interchange
4. Rotary interchange
5. Directional interchange
C. Multi-Leg Interchange
1. Rotary interchange
Types of rotary interchange (Round about) based on shape
i.
Circular Rotary
ii.
Rectangular With Round Edges
iii.
Square with Rounded Edges
iv.
Irregular
v.
Elliptical
The advantages of intersection
i.
An orderly and regimented traffic flow is
provided by one way movement
ii.
All traffic proceeds simultaneously and
continuously at fairly uniform, though slow speed. Frequent stopping and
starting are avoided
iii.
All turns can be made with ease, although little
extra distance is required for all movements except left turns.
iv.
For moderate traffic, rotaries are
self-governing and need no control by police or traffic signals
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