Skip to main content

Unit conversion for your Project - Standard / US Customary Units to SI / Metric Units


                      APPROXIMATE CONVERSIONS
                                            FROM
                      STANDARD / US CUSTOMARY UNITS
                                               TO
                                   SI / METRIC UNITS
SYMBOL
TO
CONVERT
MULTIPLY BY
TO FIND
SYMBOL
                                                 LENGTH
in
inches
25.4
millimeters
mm
Ft.
feet
0.305
meters
m
yd.
yards
0.914
meters
m
mi
miles
1.61
kilometers
km
                                                  AREA
in2
square inches
645.2
square
millimeters
mm2
ft2
square feet
0.093
square meters
m2
yd2
square yard
0.836
square meters
m2
ac
acres
0.405
hectares
ha
mi2
square miles
2.59
square
kilometers
km2
                                               VOLUME
fl Oz
fluid ounces
29.57
milliliters
mL
gal
gallons
3.785
liters
L
ft3
cubic feet
0.028
cubic meters
m3
yd3
cubic yards
0.765
cubic meters
m3
                                                     MASS
Oz
ounces
28.35
grams
g
lb.
pounds
0.454
kilograms
kg
T
Short tons
(2000 lb.)
0.907
mega grams
(or "metric ton")
Mg (or "t")
                                               TEMPERATURE
oF
Fahrenheit
(F-32) x (5/9)
OR
(F-32) ÷ 1.8
Celsius
oC
                                               ILLUMINATION
fc
foot-candles
10.76
lux
lx
fl
foot-Lamberts
3.426
candela/m2
cd/m2
                                  FORCE and PRESSURE or STRESS
lbf
pound force
4.45
newton
N
lbf/in2
pound force
per square inch
6.89
kilopascals
kPa

Comments

Popular posts from this blog

Construction Procedure of Surface Road Side Drainage-PART 1 (with picture)

Surface water ( i.e., rain water) that falls on the ground surface such as; open field, paved areas or road surface, roof tops etc are channeled to a main drain naturally or through a constructed channel which is referred to as drainage. Procedure for construction of a common drainage (trench) (1m x 1m U drainage) (reinforced). includes; I.       Marking Of Alignment: The surveyor marked out the alignment for the trench to be dug. II.       Digging/Excavation: The surveyor marked out the dept of the trench to be excavated with a mechanical excavating machine. For a 1m x 1m drainage, the mathematical process of obtaining the required dept is to sum together the dept of the required drain + base + blinding. For dept:  A drain of dept1000 mm, base of 150 mm and blinding of 50 mm. Hence 1000mm + 150mm + 50mm = 1200mm (1.2 m) So an excavation of 1200mm (1.2m) is required from the to level of the road surface. For width:

Construction Procedure of Surface Road Side Drainage-PART 2 (with picture)

  V.        Next step is laying of concrete base on the blinded surface and the positioned reinforcement. A concrete base of 150 mm is to be laid or cast on the blinded floor, concrete grade C20 of ratio 1:2:4 is allowed (See concrete grading and mix ratio). A guiding panel is placed into position to guild in the laying of the concrete base in order to achieve a uniformly alignment base edge, thickness and width, also to manage concrete material while pouring. The base is cast with the U shape reinforcement bottom in between the concrete base achieving concrete cover below and above.   VI.        After setting and drying of the concrete base, next is to position the side wall panel form work. The floor base is marked to give the required one meter (1000 mm) internal width where the panel will be positioned. The panel wall spacing is 100mm, and wall height of 1000mm (1 meter), the panel is lubricated, clipped and prepared to accept the Concrete.

Ring / Pipe Culverts Construction procedure

Culvert is an open/close drain structure that allows water to flow below a road. It’s like a tunnel carrying a stream of water flow. A Ring/Pipe Culvert Procedure for construction of a common Ring/Pipe Culvert (road junction culvert) includes; I.       Marking Of Alignment: - The surveyor marked out the alignment for the trench to be dug. II.       Digging/Excavation: The surveyor marked out the dept of the culvert to be excavated with an excavating machine. For a 1m pipe culvert, the mathematical process of obtaining the required dept is to sum together the total width of the pipe + base + blinding. For dept:  A pipe of width 1000 mm, base of 150 mm and blinding of 50 mm (though optional). . Hence 1000mm + 150mm + 50mm = 1200mm (1.2 m) So an excavation of 1200mm (1.2m) is required from the to level of the natural ground (sub grade level) surface. For width: A minimum of (2.5 x width) m is advisable.