Skip to main content

Concrete Materials required used construction -Sand, Stone (Fine, Coarse Aggregates), Rod (Reinforcements), wood and Cement (Binder) rates and measurements supply/cost secrets in construction

Concrete is a composite inert material comprising of cement, aggregates and water, when reinforced with iron rods, it termed reinforced concrete.
Below is how to arrive or understand the rates, measure and supply-cost of reinforced concrete materials needed on site


SAND and STONES

Sand or Stone tips from a tipper on the ground form shape of a Prism or rounded base
Pyramid when it is drop on the floor. You have to measure the Base (B) in which the sand covered, then the Height (H) of the sand, and then calculate the volume and relate it to the expected tones of supply.

The common tipper of sand/stone supply are usually in 5 tonnes, 10 tonnes and 20 tonnes. A small tipper of 5 tonnes load, is an average of 3.80mᵌ in Volume (considering loss)

So calculating the volume of sand/stone


(a)               Using volume of Prism formed
     
      Volume = Base x Height

      V = B x H

Where:

     V=Volume
     B=Base of prism &
     H=Height


(b)               Another method is also to measure the length (L),
                              Breadth (B) and Height (H) of the tipper bucket or its contents, this can give you   approximate value of the volume supplied,

Volume=Length x Breadth x Height
                          
                             V= LxBxH

              Where:

                        V=Volume
                        L= Length of the tipper bucket
                        B= Breadth of the tipper bucket
                        H=Height of the tipper bucket


            If 5 tonnes =3.80mᵌ
            1mᵌ =5/3.80mᵌ=1.316


After measuring the Base, the Height, or the Length, the Breadth and Height, then calculate the
Volume as above then multiply by 1.316 to give you the weight or tonnes value of sand/stone.

Then multiply the volume by 1.316 to know the tonnes value.

Example:
                                                                                                                                                                                     Volume = Base x Height x 1.316
                                    V = 2.5 x 1.5 x 1.316 = 4.934 tonne

  Hence, the supply tonne is adequate for 5 tonne tipper


ROD OR REINFORCEMENTS (iron)

For buildings, with more than one (1) floor or storey building, you need
Rods or Reinforcements. Hence little knowledge on iron rods is important.

N.B:

·         The length for single one is between 11.5 meters -12 meters
      or 37.95 ft. - 39.6 ft.
      Iron rods are measure in tonnes or weight

·         Common Sizes are in ‘mm’ diameters (6mm, 8mm, 10mm, 12mm, 16mm, 20mm, 22mm etc.)

·         The imported ones are more expensive compared to the locally made ones. Though some locally made ones has high strength as the foreign made.

·         Inferior Rods are gotten by recycling of waste metals by scavengers, e.g. products from African foundries and phoenix plant at Ogijo, Sagamu and Otta L.G.A of Ogun state.

·         While quality rods can be gotten from Delta state and Ajaokuta (Kogi state) steel mill.

           
            Types, sizes and quantity of Iron Rod commonly available:





CEMENT

Cement is manufacturer packed and supply in bags (50kg) or tonnes which is constant. The only point of concern is the varying market prices. Hence there is the need for market price survey

 Cement measure



Woods/Timber

Woods are supply in
1”x12”, 2”x3”, 2”x4”, 2”x6”, 3”x4”, etc. cut sizes
Labels:

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

Construction Procedure of Surface Road Side Drainage-PART 1 (with picture)

Surface water ( i.e., rain water) that falls on the ground surface such as; open field, paved areas or road surface, roof tops etc are channeled to a main drain naturally or through a constructed channel which is referred to as drainage. Procedure for construction of a common drainage (trench) (1m x 1m U drainage) (reinforced). includes; I.       Marking Of Alignment: The surveyor marked out the alignment for the trench to be dug. II.       Digging/Excavation: The surveyor marked out the dept of the trench to be excavated with a mechanical excavating machine. For a 1m x 1m drainage, the mathematical process of obtaining the required dept is to sum together the dept of the required drain + base + blinding. For dept:  A drain of dept1000 mm, base of 150 mm and blinding of 50 mm. Hence 1000mm + 150mm + 50mm = 1200mm (1.2 m) So an excavation of 1200mm (1.2m) is required from the to level of the road surface. For width:
Post a Comment
Read more

Construction Procedure of Surface Road Side Drainage-PART 2 (with picture)

  V.        Next step is laying of concrete base on the blinded surface and the positioned reinforcement. A concrete base of 150 mm is to be laid or cast on the blinded floor, concrete grade C20 of ratio 1:2:4 is allowed (See concrete grading and mix ratio). A guiding panel is placed into position to guild in the laying of the concrete base in order to achieve a uniformly alignment base edge, thickness and width, also to manage concrete material while pouring. The base is cast with the U shape reinforcement bottom in between the concrete base achieving concrete cover below and above.   VI.        After setting and drying of the concrete base, next is to position the side wall panel form work. The floor base is marked to give the required one meter (1000 mm) internal width where the panel will be positioned. The panel wall spacing is 100mm, and wall height of 1000mm (1 meter), the panel is lubricated, clipped and prepared to accept the Concrete.
Post a Comment
Read more

Ring / Pipe Culverts Construction procedure

Culvert is an open/close drain structure that allows water to flow below a road. It’s like a tunnel carrying a stream of water flow. A Ring/Pipe Culvert Procedure for construction of a common Ring/Pipe Culvert (road junction culvert) includes; I.       Marking Of Alignment: - The surveyor marked out the alignment for the trench to be dug. II.       Digging/Excavation: The surveyor marked out the dept of the culvert to be excavated with an excavating machine. For a 1m pipe culvert, the mathematical process of obtaining the required dept is to sum together the total width of the pipe + base + blinding. For dept:  A pipe of width 1000 mm, base of 150 mm and blinding of 50 mm (though optional). . Hence 1000mm + 150mm + 50mm = 1200mm (1.2 m) So an excavation of 1200mm (1.2m) is required from the to level of the natural ground (sub grade level) surface. For width: A minimum of (2.5 x width) m is advisable.  
Post a Comment
Read more