Construction Hints

Introduction Cracked walls can be a distressing sight for homeowners. Not only do they compromise the aesthetic appeal of your residential property, but they can also impact its market value. In this article, we will explore the importance of addressing the problem of cracked walls caused by construction defects and how it can help restore the beauty and value of your home. Table of Contents - Understanding the Impact of Cracked Walls on Residential Properties - Identifying Construction Defects as the Root Cause - The Dangers of Ignoring Cracked Walls - Addressing Construction Defects: The Restoration Process - Hiring Professionals vs. DIY: Which is the Right Approach? - Restoring Cracked Walls: Materials and Techniques - The Role of Maintenance in Preventing Cracked Walls - Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) - Conclusion Understanding the Impact of Cracked Walls on Residential Properties Cracked walls not only diminish the visual appeal of your home but can also indicate underlying con...

Glass is one of the oldest and most versatile materials known to man through  ages. Glass occurs naturally as a volcanic ash 🌋 known as obsidian. Artificial glass was first made about 4000 years ago. The term glass is normally used to describe a particular state of matter, known as glassy or vitreous State, which is obtainable when a liquid cools without crystallization taking place, With solid properties characterized by its brittleness, hardness, transparency and chemical inertness.

Glass a complex form of of silicate can be classified according to its chemical composition into the following types: 1. soda-lime-Silica Glasses : This type of glass are used in the manufacturer of Glass containers produced by blowing, molding, and pressing and in special shapes such as electric bulb 💡 2. Silica Glass (Fused silica) : This belongs to one of the most important single oxide glasses suitable for use as lab ware. 3. Borosilicate Glasses : The presence of notice oxide,  which act as a flux as well as a glass former, gives Borosilicate glasses a low coefficient of thermal expansion and shock resistance. It's greatly used in laboratory and medical ware. 4. Lead Glasses: The presence of lead oxide (PbO) acts as a flux and a modifier,they have low melting and working point but with high refractive indices and densities...mostly use as optical components, for radiation shielding and as technical glasses. 5.  Alumino-silicate Glasses : The hardening effect ...

Production of Portland cement starts with two basic materials; a Calcareous material and an Argillaceous material.  The calcareous material is a calcium oxide, such as limestone, chalk, or oyster shells, the Argillaceous material is combination of alumina and silica obtainable from clay, shale, and blast furnace. the materials are passed through a grinding mill, using wet or dry process to the kiln.  In the kiln, the raw materials are melted at temperature of 1400 oC  to 1650 oC,  changing the raw materials into Cement clinker which is then cooled  and stored. The final process involved grinding the clinker into a fine powder, adding gypsum to regulate the setting time if the cement in the concrete. The final product can be transported in stored bulk or sacks.

Portland Cement concrete is most widely used manufacturing construction material...it is very important in the construction field, it is used in structures such as buildings, pavements, Dams,factories, bridges etc. Portland Cement concrete main constituents is the Portland Cement ( i.e Dangote cement) ,aggregates, water, air voids,  and in some cases, admixtures. Portland Cement is an instant glue when water is added to it and bonds aggregate to together to make Portland Cement concrete.

These are materials (usually metals) which have unfilled valence bond and thus provide vacant energy states into which electrons in the valence state can move. The movement of electrons is an electric field is facilitated by gain of velocity and momentum as it moves towards the positive electrode. This is due to added energy which therefore requires an occupied energy State at a higher level. Example of conductors are Cu, All, Fe, etc. Metals with few electrons in their valence make excellent conductors of electricity. Forms of conductor are wires, cables and bus-bars (rods, tube etc)

An aggregate can be defined as the material comprising of percentage required of gravel, crushed stone, and sharp sand of their specific size of particle mixed together at a required ratio to form part of concrete mortal. Aggregates can be classified as Natural and Artificial. Natural Aggregates: Coarse Aggregates, fine Aggregates, Sand  and gravel Aggregates, Granite Aggregates,